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The Tupolev Tu-134 is a Soviet-built twin engine, narrow body jet airliner built for short haul, low passenger flights between 1966 to 1989.

It was a 72 seat upgrade of the Tu-124, originally designated Tu-124A, with turbofan engines arranged in the aft part of the fuselage. A first flight of the prototype was performed on July 29, 1963. Subsequently the aircraft was reconfigured to feature more powerful, rear fuselage mounted Soloviev D-30-II low-bypass turbofan engines and a T-tail. It was redesignated Tu-134 on 20 November, 1963. Serial production began in 1966.

Early production models lacked thrust reversers on the engines so a brake parachute was used for landings. The majority of onboard electronics operated on direct current, there was a glass nose for the navigator and the landing gear was fitted with low pressure tyres to permit operation from unpaved airfields.

In 1968, work began on the Tu-134A variant. It had 84 seat capacity, a slightly reduced maximum range of 2,770 km and upgraded engines featuring thrust reversers. Its first flight took place on 22 April, 1969. Production began on the Tu-134B in 1980. There was no navigator position and seating capacity was increased to 96 seats.

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Variant types

	World fleet	Charter fleet	Typical pax	Cabin volume	Cruise	Range	Years
Tupolev Tu-134B-3	●●	●	●●
Tupolev Tu-134A-3M	●	●	●●
Tupolev Tu-134A	●	●	●●	●●●●●●●●●●	●●●●●●●	●●●●●●●●

 

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