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The EMB-120 Brasilia is a 30 seat twin turboprop airliner produced by Brazil-based manufacturer Embraer that first entered service in 1985.
Design studies of the definitive EMB120 began in September 1979. Previously, Embraer had considered a stretch 25 seat version of its Xingu corporate turboprop that it named Araguia and bore the EMB-120 designation, but the production EMB-120 was a different thing. Named Brasilia when the project was officially launched in1979, it had capacity for 30 passengers and was powered by newly created 1,500 hp Pratt & Whitney 115 turbines and Hamilton Standard propellers; these were later upgraded to 1892 eshp rated PW118s.
A first flight of the PW115 powered prototype took place on 27 July, 1983 and entry into service was in October 1985.
The EMB-120 has a circular cross section fuselage, low mounted straight wings and a T-tail. It is of semi-monocoque design with aluminium alloy skin, the wing structure is a single three-spar design linked to the frames of the lower side of the fuselage, and the nosecone, dorsal fin and leading edges of the wing and tailplane are of Kevlar-reinforced glass fibre.
The EMB-120 Brasilia has hydraulically operated retractable tricycle type landing gear. The Goodrich twin wheels are fitted with carbon or steel brakes, oleo-pneumatic shock absorbers and a Hydro Aire anti-skid system.
EMB-120 variants include a reduced take off weight EMB120RT; an extended range EMB120ER, first delivered in 1993 and thereafter adopted as the standard production model; an EMB120 Cargo freighter with a payload capacity of 4,000 kg; a mixed passenger/freight EMB120 Combi; and an EMB120 Convertible. Hot and high versions of these models have PW118A engines that retain their power ratings to a higher altitude. The EMB120ER Advanced incorporates a range of external and interior improvements.
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